How to Make a Freedom of Information Request in the UK

Access public body information under UK law

Quick Answer

A Freedom of Information (FOI) request lets you ask any public body (council, NHS trust, police, government department) for information they hold. You must make your request in writing clearly describing what you want. The public body has 20 working days to respond. Most requests are free. If refused, you can appeal to the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO).

How It Works: Making an FOI Request

1

Find the Public Body

Identify which council, government department, NHS trust, or public authority holds the information you need.

2

Write Your Request

Send a clear written request describing what information you want, to their FOI officer or public.access@ email address.

3

Receive Response

They must respond within 20 working days. If refused, appeal to the ICO within 20 days of their refusal.

What the Law Says

Freedom of Information Act 2000 (Section 1)
Right to access public body information
Gives anyone the right to request information held by public bodies. Bodies must respond within 20 working days with the information or state why they're refusing.
UK GDPR Article 15 & Data Protection Act 2018
Access to personal data held by public bodies
If requesting your own personal data, you can use a Subject Access Request (SAR) instead of FOI. Similar process but slightly different rules apply to personal data.
Environmental Information Regulations 2004 (EIR)
Access to environmental and climate information
Covers information about air quality, pollution, waste, land use, and climate. Uses similar process to FOI with 20 working day deadline.

Common Situations

Want to see council spending or contracts

Ask the council for spending records, supplier contracts, or tender documents via FOI. Many councils have published spending data online, but you can request specific documents or budget details.

Need information about a police investigation or complaint

Request files, statements, or decision-making records from the police force via FOI. Note that active investigation materials may be exempt, but you can request information about decisions made.

Requesting records from an NHS trust or hospital

Use FOI to request clinical audit data, complaints handling records, or performance data. If requesting your own medical records, use a Subject Access Request under GDPR instead.

Information is being withheld under an exemption

Public bodies can refuse under exemptions (national security, legal privilege, personal data). They must still respond explaining why and that you can appeal to the ICO if you disagree.

Request is taking longer than 20 days

After 20 working days, you can formally complain to the public body. After they respond, you can appeal to the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) for free.

Want information about environmental or climate issues

Request pollution data, planning applications, waste management records, or climate action plans using the Environmental Information Regulations 2004 (EIR). Similar process to FOI.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an FOI request? +

An FOI request is a formal written request to a public body for information held in their files. Under the Freedom of Information Act 2000, public bodies must respond within 20 working days.

Which organisations must respond to FOI requests? +

Public bodies covered by the FOI Act include councils, NHS trusts, schools, police forces, government departments, and public authorities. Private companies are generally not covered (unless they do public functions).

How long does it take to get information? +

Public bodies have 20 working days to respond to your FOI request. If they need to consult others, this can be extended. If rejected, you can appeal within 20 working days.

Can a public body refuse an FOI request? +

Yes, if the information falls under an exemption (national security, personal data, legal privilege). However, they must still respond and explain why they're refusing within 20 days.

What if they refuse my FOI request? +

You can appeal to the public body's FOI officer (internal review) within 20 working days. If still refused, you can complain to the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO), who can order disclosure.

Do I have to pay for an FOI request? +

Most FOI requests are free. Public bodies can charge up to £450 for costs if handling takes more than 18 hours. They must estimate costs upfront before proceeding.

Request Public Information Today

Use our FOIRequest tool to draft your request, track deadlines, and manage appeals to the ICO.

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